Penicillin allergy occurs when the immune system reacts to the drug as if it were a harmful substance instead of a remedy. Your immune system activates certain cells to produce immunoglobulin E (IgE) against the component of penicillin are allergic to (allergens). The chemicals released by immune cells can cause signs and symptoms associated with allergic reactions.
Penicillin belongs to the family of drugs called beta-lactam antibiotics. These drugs include penicillin and amoxicillin, are relatively inexpensive and effective in treating many common bacterial infections. These infections are skin infections of the respiratory tract, ear, sinus and above.
Orally or injected, penicillin works by stopping the growth of bacteria in your body. There are several varieties of penicillin, and each targets a different infection elsewhere in your body. You may have heard of some of the other drugs in the penicillin family, including:
Amoxicillin
Ampicillin
Dicloxacillin
Penicillin G
Penicillin V
Piperacillin and tazobactam (Zosyn)
If you are allergic to one type of penicillin, you are in danger of being allergic to penicillin all connected. Some people are allergic to penicillin are also allergic to cephalosporins, a class of antibiotics closely related to penicillin.
One is not born allergic to penicillin, but it can develop an allergy to penicillin, once they have been exposed to the drug. After that, re-exposure to penicillin or related can trigger an allergic reaction, sometimes more serious reaction to first exposure.
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